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- P. GOLDM'ANN.

GAP OR OTHER HEAD covggme. No. 293,862; Patented Feb. 19,1884.

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No 293.862. at'ented Feb. 19,1884.

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' To all whom it may concern.-

UNITED STATES PHILIPP GOLDIMIANN,

PATENT OFF CE.

OF. NEW YORK, N. Y.

CAP OR OTHER HEAD-COVERING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 293,862, dated February19, 1884.

- Application filed December 22, 1883. (No model.)

Be it known that I, PHILIPP GOLDMANN, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have inventednew and useful Improvements in Caps or other Head-Coverings, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention is especially adapted to caps or hats having the crownmade of cloth or other flexible material; and it consists in a frame forsupporting such crown, constructed ashereinafter described, whereby anarticle of superior utility is obtained.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is.

a cross-section of a frame embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan ortop viewthereof. Fig. dis a perspective view. Fig. 4is a crosssection,showing a modification; and Fig. 5 is a side view of anothermodification.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

The letter A designates the crown of the cap, made of a flexiblematerial, and held in the required shape or position by the frame. Thisframe is composed of a'series of upright stays or stretchers, B, ofsteel wire, hard rubher, or other stiff elastic material, and ofhorizontal rings 0, also of a stifi elastic material one at the upperend, one at the lowerend, and one intermediate of the ends of thestaysthese parts being united by rivets or other suitable means, andwhen the frame is put into a cap or hat the stays afford an uprightsupport and the rings a horizontal support to the crown. The stays B arebent outward, at a point near the lower end, at a right angle or anyother suitable angle, andwhen the frame is used in a hat the bentportions of the stays, (marked S,) together with the lower horizontalring, go into the brim, while, when the frame is used for a cap, theframe' is inverted to bring the bent portions of the stays and theproper ring in the top of the crown, forming a conductors cap. 7 v

'Below the intermediate ring of the frame is a band, D, the function ofwhich is to fasten the frame in the cap or hat. This band is composed ofbuckram, leather, or other similar material, so that it may be attachedto the crown of the cap or hat by stitching, and the frame is connectedthereto by the intermediate ring, and also by the stays. By the positionof the band Den the frame it is brought to a point immediately next tothe lower edge of the crown.

The arrangement of one of the horizontal rings 0 inan intermediateposition on the stays is important, because the crown is thusre-enforced intermediate of the top and bottom, so that it is not liableto sag or bulge on the sides and lose its shape, as heretofore,especially when it becomes wet by exposure.

When the frame is intended for caps, the lower bent portions, S, of thestays and the lower horizontal ring may be omitted, while the band,having a ringconnected to its upper edge, may be used independently ofthe other parts. The upper ring, moreover, may be omitted, in which casethe stays are doubled,

each extending in a curved line across the top the stays,substantiallyas shown and described.

3. The combination of the upright stays, the horizontal ringsone on theupper ends, and one intermediate of the ends of the staysand thehorizontal band on' the lower part of the stays below the intermediatering, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination, with a cap or hat having a flexible crown, of thehorizontal ring intermediate of the top and bottom of the crown, and theband having the .ring connected to its upper edge.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

PHILIPP GOLDMANN. n s]

